Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer. It originates in the basal cells, which are found in the lowest layer of the epidermis (outer layer of skin). BCC is generally slow-growing and rarely spreads beyond the original tumor site.

The primary cause of BCC is prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. Tanning beds also significantly increase the risk.

BCC can have various appearances, including: A pearly or waxy bump A shiny, pink, or red patch A sore that doesn't heal A small, raised bump with visible blood vessels A scar-like area

Anyone who has spent time in the sun can develop BCC, but the risk is higher for: People with fair skin People with a history of sunburns People over 50 People with a family history of skin cancer People with weakened immune systems

BCC most often appears on sun-exposed areas, such as the face, head, neck, and arms. However, it can occur anywhere on the body.

A dermatologist will typically diagnose BCC through a visual examination of the skin. A biopsy (removal of a small tissue sample) is usually performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Several treatment options are available for BCC, including: Surgical excision: Cutting out the cancerous tissue and a small margin of surrounding healthy skin. Mohs surgery: A specialized technique that removes the cancer layer by layer, examining each layer under a microscope until all cancerous cells are gone. Often used for BCCs in cosmetically sensitive areas or those that have recurred. Curettage and electrocautery: Scraping off the cancer and then using an electric current to destroy any remaining cancer cells. Cryotherapy (freezing): Freezing and destroying the cancerous tissue. Topical creams or gels: Medications applied to the skin that can destroy the cancerous cells. Used for superficial BCCs. Photodynamic therapy (PDT): A light-activated drug is applied to the skin, followed by exposure to a special light, which destroys the BCC cells. Radiation therapy: May be used for large tumors or in areas where surgery is difficult.

While BCC is rarely life-threatening, it can be locally destructive if left untreated. It's important to seek treatment to prevent it from growing and causing damage to surrounding tissues.

Prevention is crucial: Limit sun exposure, especially during peak hours (10 am - 4 pm). Wear protective clothing, including a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses. Use broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher daily, even on cloudy days. Avoid tanning beds.

You should see us if you notice any new or changing spots on your skin, especially if they are: Pearly or waxy Not healing Bleeding or crusting Growing rapidly Early detection and treatment of BCC are essential for the best outcomes. Regular skin self-exams and annual skin checks with a dermatologist are highly recommended.